ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND In Brazil the implementation of the Sentinel Surveillance System of Influenza began in 2000. Central public health laboratories use reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for diagnosis of respiratory viruses, but this protocol identifies only specific targets, resulted in inconclusive diagnosis for many samples. Thus, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) would be complementary method in the identification of pathogens in inconclusive samples for RT-qPCR or other specific detection protocols. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to detect unidentified viruses using HTS approach in negative samples of nasopharynx/tracheal secretions by the standard RT-qPCR collected in the Federal District, Brazil. METHODS Nucleic acids were extracted from samples collected in winter period of 2016 and subjected to HTS. The results were confirmed by the multiplex PR21 RT-qPCR, which identifies 21 respiratory pathogens. FINDINGS The main viruses identified by HTS were of families Herpesviridae, Coronaviridae, Parvoviridae and Picornaviridae, with the emphasis on rhinoviruses. The presence of respiratory viruses in the samples was confirmed by the PR21 multiplex RT-qPCR. Coronavirus, enterovirus, bocavirus and rhinovirus were found by multiplex RT-qPCR as well as by HTS analyses. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Wide virus diversity was found by different methodologies and high frequency of rhinovirus occurrence was confirmed in population in winter, showing its relevance for public health.
Subject(s)
Humans , Parvoviridae/isolation & purification , Picornaviridae/isolation & purification , Trachea/virology , Nasopharynx/virology , Coronaviridae/isolation & purification , Herpesviridae/isolation & purification , Parvoviridae/classification , Parvoviridae/genetics , Picornaviridae/classification , Picornaviridae/genetics , DNA, Viral/genetics , RNA, Viral/genetics , Coronaviridae/classification , Coronaviridae/genetics , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Herpesviridae/classification , Herpesviridae/geneticsABSTRACT
El Parvovirus humano (PVH), como otros Parvovirus, es capaz de replicarse autónomamente, mide 23mm y tiene ácido deoxiribonucléico de cadena sencilla como material genético. La infección en humanos da lugar a un cuadro viral no específico durante el prodromo seguido por viremia. Esta puede dar lugar a diferentes tipos de erupciones (incluyendo el síndrome de eritema infeccioso) y/o artropatías. También se le ha asociado a un aumento en abortos espontáneos en mujeres embarazadas con infección aguda y es la causa de las crisis aplásticas en pacientes con anemias hemolíticas. Múltiples Parvovirus serológicamente diferentes al PVH se encuentran en las heces fecales y son la causa principal de la gastroenteritis infecciosa aguda no bacteriana en personas mayores de cinco años de edad